Detection of Helicobacter pylori and genotyping its virulence genes (cagA, and vacA) among patients with gastroduodenal diseases in Wad medani city, sudan 2022

Abstract

Abstract:

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) linked with the etiopathogenesis of numerous digestive disorders. A wide variety of virulence factors influence the development of H. pylori-associated illnesses, and the most well-known virulence genes are the Cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin genes (vacA)

Aimes: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of H. pylori infections and virulence genes (cagA, vacA), as well as the association between virulence factors and gastroduodenal disorders.

Materials and methods: Our study contained 100 adult patients with dyspeptic symptoms. Stool samples were collected for stool antigen examination (SAT), and molecular methods were used to identify H.pylori and characterize the cagA and vacA genes associated with different diseases presented by patients.

Results: Out of a total of 100, 35 samples tested were positive for H. pylori (35%). The CagA virulence gene was found in 48.5% (17/35) and vacA in 82.8% (29/35). VacA genotype s1 m1 was the most prevalent [58.6%] followed by s2 m2 [34.5%] and s1 m2 [10.3%].

Conclusion: The findings emphasize the need of performing regional research and characterizing H.pylori virulence genes linked with various diseases. The study revealed a significant association between virulence genes and the development of certain forms of gastric infections.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori. Virulence genes. Polymerase chain reaction. Stool antigen test