Comparison of Unilateral Total Knee Replacement versus simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Replacement
Abstract
Background: Total knee replacement (TKR) is a procedure that is often performed on patients who have advanced osteoarthritis and has become more common. Bilateral TKR can be done at the same time and can save time, anesthesia and cost of multiple procedures.
Objective: To determine the frequency of unilateral and simultaneous bilateral Total Knee Replacement and then compare their outcomes
Study Design: Cross sectional study
Study place: Orthopedics Department; Chandka medical college Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan, where arthroplasty services have been recently started.
Study period: 12 months after approval of synopsis
MATERIAL AND METHODS: 95 patients were included and were divided in two groups i.e. patients undergo unilateral TKR were grouped as group A and patients undergo bilateral TKR were grouped as group B. Then patients underwent surgery under general anesthesia. All patients were followed-up in OPD. During follow-up, patients were evaluated for outcome i.e. cardiac event, urinary tract infection and surgical site infection. All this information was recoded on proforma while analysed in SPSS v. 22. Outcome was compared in both groups by using chi-square test. The P-value≤0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: The mean age of patients was 63.00 ± 6.17 years. There were 50 (52.6%) males and 45 (47.4%) females. The mean BMI of females was 27.93 ± 2.43 kg/m2. There were 47 (49.5%) patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral surgery while 48 (50.5%) underwent unilateral surgery. It has been observed that after surgery, the cardiac event occurred in one (1.1%)case and that case was from unilateral surgery group, urinary tract infection occurred in 4 cases, 2 (4.3%) were from bilateral cases while 2 (4.2%) were from unilateral group and surgical site infection occurred in 4 cases, 2 (4.3%) were from bilateral cases while 2 (4.2%) were from unilateral group. The difference was insignificant in both groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Thus there was no significant difference observed between both groups regarding complications after surgery.
Key words: Bilateral, cardiac event, knee osteoarthritis, surgical site infection, total knee arthroplasty, unilateral, urinary tract infection