Assessment of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Covid-19 Patients by Using Dass 21 Scales

Abstract

Objectives: To  determine  the  level  of  depression,  anxiety  and stress  with  respect  to  age  and  gender  among  COVID-19  patients admitted  at  Rawalpindi  Institute  of  Urology  &  Transplantation Pakistan by using DASS 21 scale. Subjects  &  Methods: A  cross-sectional  descriptive  research  was done among conscious COVID-19 patients admitted at Rawalpindi Institute  of  Urology  &  Transplantation  (RIU&T)  Pakistan  during May 2020 who were included in this research through consecutive sampling.    DASS-21  scales  were  used  to  determine  thelevel  of depression,  anxiety  and  stress  among  COVID-19  patients.  Apart from  age  and  gender  of  the  patients,  their  responses  were  taken pertinent to 21 items of DASS scale through face to face interview. The  data  was  analyzed  by  means  of  SPPS  version  25.0.Gender based differences in depression; anxiety and stress among COVID-19  patients  were  determined  by  applying  two  sample  z-tests. Results were considered significant at P ≤0.05. Results: Mean   age   of   COVID-19   patients   interviewed   in   our research  was  41.6 ±10.97  years.  About  45  (73.8%)  were  males while  16  (26.2%)  were  females.  Out  of  total  61  study  subjects, 72.1%  had  normal  score  of  depression.  Anxiety  and  stress  were reported  to  have  normal  score  among  75.4%  of  the  patients. Females in our study were determined to have significantly higher level  of  depression,  anxiety  and  stress  (P<0.00)  in  comparison with those of males.Conclusion:    Females   are   in   need   of   adequate   counseling pertinent to COVID-19 for mitigation of its psychological impact